Tranexamic Acid 5% Anti-Spot Face Serum

• Skin Type: All skin types, especially those with hyperpigmentation
• Concerns: Hyperpigmentation, dark spots, uneven skin tone, melasma, dullness
• Suitable for: Individuals seeking to reduce hyperpigmentation, brighten skin, and improve overall skin tone

• Size: 30 ml
• Fragrance-free
• Dermatologically tested
• Non-comedogenic
• Suitable for daily use, preferably in the evening
• Note: Always use sunscreen during the day when using this product

Tranexamic Acid (5%): Reduces hyperpigmentation and evens skin tone.

Niacinamide (3%): Brightens skin and minimizes the appearance of pores.

Kojic Acid (1%): Fades dark spots and inhibits melanin production.

Licorice Root Extract (1%): Lightens skin and reduces pigmentation.

Hyaluronic Acid (1%): Hydrates and plumps the skin.

Glycerin (3%): Retains moisture and keeps skin soft.

Vitamin C (1%): Brightens skin and provides antioxidant protection.

Green Tea Extract (0.5%): Provides additional antioxidant support and soothes the skin.

The Tranexamic Acid 5% Serum is meticulously formulated to reduce hyperpigmentation and brighten the skin by leveraging bioactive ingredients that work synergistically at the molecular level to inhibit melanin production, promote skin renewal, and provide antioxidant protection.

1. Tranexamic Acid (5%)

Tranexamic Acid is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine. It functions by inhibiting the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin via blockade of the plasminogen/plasmin system.

• Inhibition of Melanin Synthesis: Tranexamic Acid inhibits plasmin activity in keratinocytes, which reduces the release of arachidonic acid and subsequently decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins and inflammatory mediators. This results in reduced melanocyte activity and decreased melanin production.
• Anti-inflammatory Effects: By inhibiting plasmin, Tranexamic Acid reduces UV-induced inflammation and vascular permeability, which are contributors to hyperpigmentation and melasma.
• Prevention of Melanin Uptake: It interferes with the interaction between melanocytes and keratinocytes, reducing the transfer of melanin and leading to a lighter skin tone.

2. Niacinamide (3%)

Niacinamide, also known as Vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in cellular energy production and DNA repair.

• Reduction of Hyperpigmentation: Niacinamide inhibits the transfer of melanosomes from melanocytes to keratinocytes by interfering with protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), leading to decreased skin pigmentation.
• Barrier Function Improvement: Enhances the synthesis of ceramides and cholesterol, strengthening the skin's lipid barrier and reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL).
• Anti-inflammatory Effects: Modulates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

3. Kojic Acid (1%)

Kojic Acid is a natural chelating agent produced by several species of fungi, including Aspergillus and Penicillium.

• Tyrosinase Inhibition: Kojic Acid inhibits tyrosinase, the key enzyme in melanogenesis responsible for converting L-DOPA to L-DOPAquinone, a precursor to melanin. By chelating copper ions at the active site of tyrosinase, it effectively reduces melanin synthesis.
• Antioxidant Properties: Scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), protecting skin cells from oxidative stress and further preventing hyperpigmentation.

4. Licorice Root Extract (1%)

Derived from the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, licorice extract contains active compounds like glabridin and liquiritin.

• Melanin Production Inhibition: Glabridin inhibits tyrosinase activity, reducing melanin synthesis. It also has anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity and the production of superoxide anions.
• Dispersal of Melanin: Liquiritin aids in the dispersion and removal of existing melanin within the skin, promoting a more even skin tone.

5. Hyaluronic Acid (1%)

Hyaluronic Acid is a glycosaminoglycan composed of repeating disaccharide units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.

• Hydration: Its ability to bind large amounts of water contributes to skin hydration, turgor, and elasticity.
• Cell Proliferation: Interacts with receptors like CD44, promoting keratinocyte proliferation and migration, which supports skin renewal.

6. Glycerin (3%)

Glycerin is a trihydroxy alcohol that functions as a humectant.

• Moisture Retention: Attracts and binds water molecules, increasing hydration in the stratum corneum via aquaporin-3 (AQP3) channels.
• Barrier Enhancement: Stabilizes intercellular lipids, improving skin barrier function and preventing TEWL.

7. Vitamin C (1%)

Present as Ascorbic Acid, Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant.

• Antioxidant Protection: Neutralizes free radicals by donating electrons, preventing oxidative stress and cellular damage.
• Brightening Effect: Inhibits tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis, contributing to skin lightening and the reduction of hyperpigmentation.
• Collagen Synthesis: Acts as a cofactor for prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase, enzymes essential for collagen stabilization and cross-linking.

8. Green Tea Extract (0.5%)

Rich in Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), a powerful antioxidant.

• Antioxidant Activity: Scavenges ROS, protecting skin cells from UV-induced oxidative damage.
• Anti-inflammatory Effects: Modulates the NF-κB pathway, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1β.
• Anti-melanogenic Effects: EGCG has been shown to inhibit tyrosinase and downregulate melanin synthesis.

This advanced formulation leverages the biochemical properties of its ingredients to reduce hyperpigmentation at the molecular level, inhibit melanin production, promote skin renewal, and provide antioxidant protection. The synergistic action results in a brighter, more even-toned complexion.

• Aqua (Water)
• Tranexamic Acid (5%)
• Niacinamide (3%)
• Glycerin (3%)
• Kojic Acid (1%)
• Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract (1%)
• Hyaluronic Acid (1%)
• Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) (1%)
• Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leaf Extract (0.5%)
• Sodium Hyaluronate (Low molecular weight HA)
• Sodium PCA (Natural moisturizing factor)
• Betaine (Hydrator and osmoprotectant)
• Allantoin (Soothing agent)
• Xanthan Gum (Thickening agent)
• Carbomer (Viscosity enhancer)
• Triethanolamine (pH adjuster)
• Phenoxyethanol (Preservative)
• Ethylhexylglycerin (Preservative enhancer)
• Caprylyl Glycol (Skin-conditioning agent)
• Disodium EDTA (Chelating agent)

After cleansing and toning, apply a few drops of the serum to the face, focusing on areas with hyperpigmentation. Gently massage until fully absorbed. Use once daily, preferably in the evening. Follow with a moisturizer.

Note: Always apply sunscreen during the day to protect the skin from UV-induced hyperpigmentation.

Can this serum be used to treat melasma?

Yes, Tranexamic Acid is effective in reducing melasma by inhibiting melanocyte activity and melanin synthesis. Consistent use can lead to significant improvements over time.

How long will it take to see results in reducing hyperpigmentation?

Visible improvements may be noticed after 4–8 weeks of consistent use. Significant reduction can occur over several months.

Can I use this serum with other active ingredients like Retinol or AHAs/BHAs?

Yes, but to minimize potential irritation, it's recommended to use exfoliating acids and Retinol on alternate nights. Always monitor your skin's response when combining potent actives.

Is this serum suitable for sensitive skin?

While the serum contains soothing ingredients like Green Tea Extract and Hyaluronic Acid, Tranexamic Acid and Kojic Acid may cause irritation in sensitive skin. Perform a patch test before full application.

Will this serum help with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation from acne?

Yes, the serum can reduce post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation by inhibiting melanin production and promoting skin renewal.

Can pregnant or breastfeeding women use this serum?

Tranexamic Acid is generally considered safe for topical use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but it's best to consult your healthcare provider before use.

Does this serum lighten the overall skin tone?

The serum targets hyperpigmentation and dark spots, promoting a more even skin tone rather than lightening the overall complexion.

Can I use this serum during the day?

It's preferable to use the serum in the evening due to the presence of ingredients that may increase photosensitivity. If used during the day, ensure to apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen.

Is this product vegan and cruelty-free?

Yes, the serum is formulated without animal-derived ingredients and is not tested on animals.

How should I store the serum to maintain its efficacy?

Store the serum in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight to preserve the stability of its active ingredients.